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Most cells have the following structures:

  • Cell membrane: Holds the cell together and controls what can enter and leave the cell.
  • Cytoplasm: This is a watery, jelly-like fluid in which the other structures are suspended.
  • Nucleus: It contains genetic information in the form of DNA. The nucleus controls cell activities.
  • Small Vacuole: Used for the temporary storage of food and waste.
  • Mitochondrion: Releases energy from glucose

Plant Cells

Plant cells have extra structures that are not found in animal cells:

  • Chloroplasts: Contain the green chemical called Chlorophyll which allows plants to make their own food from carbon dioxide and water using the suns energy. This is a process called photosynthesis.
  • Cell wall: This tough structure is made from cellulose, located outside the cell membrane. It gives the plant cell support and structure.
  • Large Vacuole: Stores water, sugar and waste and helps give support to the cell.
Difference between plant and animal cells