E X C R E T I O N
2018
WHERE DOES THE HORMONE ADH HAVE EFFECT
Collecting Duct
DESCRIBE EFFECT
Causes the walls of the collecting duct to become porous and permeable to water. More water moves out of the filtrate and into surrounding blood vessels.
WHAT CHANGE IN BLOOD COMPOSITION TRIGGERS THE SECRETION OF ADH
Level of salt rises
NAME THE ENDOCRINE GLAND IN WHICH ADH IS PRODUCED
: Pituitary gland
NAME ONE POSSIBLE TREATMENT OF KIDNEY FAILURE
Dialysis
Transplant
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2017
STATE 2 FEATURES THAT SHOW HOW A GLOMERULUS FOR FILTERING BLOOD
High pressure - efferent arteriole is narrower than the afferent one.
The large surface area of the capillaries
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2016
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN EXCRETION AND EGESTION
Excretion is the process of getting rid of waste products of metabolism, i.e. produced in the body.
Egestion is getting rid of undigested food from the body.
SUGGEST HOW EXCRETION MAY OCCUR IN SIMPLE ORGANISMS SUCH AS AMOEBA
Simple organisms just allow waste to diffuse out of the cell; they are so small that this is sufficient.
NAME 2 EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND LOCATION OF WHERE IT IS PRODUCED
Urea is produced in the liver. Carbon dioxide is produced in all cells during respiration.
ROLE OF ADH
When the blood plasma is too concentrated, the pituitary gland releases ADH, which travels to the kidneys. In the kidney it causes the distal convoluted tube and the collecting ducts to become more permeable to water. This means more water is reabsorbed from the nephron.
2 STRUCTURES IN FLOWERING PLANTS WHICH PLAY A ROLE IN EXCRETION
Lenticels and stomata
EXPLAIN TERM METABOLISM
Sum of all chemical reaction that happens in the body
EFFECT OF AN INCREASE IN METABOLIC RATE IN RESPONSE TO FALLING EXTERNAL TEMPERATURES
An increased metabolic rate will increase the internal temperature so the external temperature will not have an effect on body temperature.
TERM USED TO DESCRIBE ANIMALS THAT VARY METABOLIC RATE SIGNIFICANTLY
Endotherms
EXPLAIN HOW ANIMALS THAT CANNOT VARY METABOLIC RATE RESPOND TO FALLING EXTERNAL TEMPERATURES (ECTOTHERM)
As the temperature decreases the organism’s rate of metabolism is slowed down and its internal temperature drops. It conserves energy by only carrying out critical functions and also curls up to prevent heat loss.
WHAT IS MEANT BY PILOERECTION
Contraction of the erector muscles. Causes hair to stand up on the skin.A layer of warm air is trapped close to the skin by the hairs to help reduce heat loss.
WHAT IS MEANT BY VASOCONSTRICTION
The blood vessels in the skin constrict and therefore, have less surface area. They are further from the surface so less heat is lost from the bloodstream.
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2012
HOW DOES THE FOLLOWING CONTRIBUTE TO HOMEOSTASIS
LIVER ? Absorption of glucose
LUNGS ? Excretion of water or excretion of CO2
NEPHRON ? Excretion of water or excretion of salts
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2011
WHAT IS AN ENDOTHERM
A warm blooded organism that produce heat from their own metabolism to keep bodies warm. Body temperature independent.
SUGGEST AN ADVANTAGE FOR THIS.
Temperature is always suitable for good enzyme activity.
maintains constant body temperature.
WHY DOES CHILDREN TYPICALLY HAVE HIGHER BODY TEMPERATURES THAN ADULTS
They are growing. More cell division.
SUGGEST 2 SITUATIONS WHICH MAY RESULT IN A DROP OF WATER CONTENT OF THE BLOOD
Sweating / hot conditions
Low water intake